Cause: Eczema, or atopic dermatitis, is a chronic skin condition characterised by inflammation and itching of the skin. While the exact cause is not fully understood, it is believed to involve a genetic predisposition and immune system dysregulation. Environmental factors, such as exposure to irritants and allergens, can exacerbate symptoms.
Symptoms: Symptoms include dry and itchy skin, redness, and the development of thickened, scaly patches. Eczema tends to flare and remit over time.
Treatments: Treatment for eczema involves a multifaceted approach. Maintaining proper skin hydration with moisturisers, using topical corticosteroids to reduce inflammation during flare-ups, and in some cases, immunomodulators (e.g., tacrolimus or pimecrolimus) may be prescribed. Identifying and managing triggers is essential.
Prevention: Preventing eczema involves maintaining good skin hygiene, moisturising regularly, avoiding irritants and allergens, and identifying and managing triggers that worsen symptoms. This may include using mild soaps and detergents and wearing soft, breathable clothing.